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The 1924 Immigration Act, also known as the Johnson-Reed Act, significantly restricted immigration from certain regions of Europe, particularly targeting Eastern and Southern Europe. This legislation established national origin quotas aimed at preserving the existing demographic makeup of the United States, which favored immigration from Northern and Western European countries.

By imposing strict numerical limitations on immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe, the Act effectively reduced the number of individuals coming from these areas. This was in part due to the prevailing sentiments of nativism and xenophobia at the time, which viewed immigrants from these regions as less desirable compared to their Northern and Western European counterparts. The quotas were designed to limit the influx of groups that were perceived as culturally and socially incompatible with the American way of life. Thus, it was Eastern and Southern European countries that faced the most substantial reduction in immigration as a consequence of this legislation.